![pathological fracture pathological fracture](http://radsource.us/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/3a.jpg)
The patients without fracture had a 5-year survival of 50% and 10-year survival of 21%, in contrast to 37% (5-year) and 22% (10-year) in patients with fractures.
#Pathological fracture free
No significant difference was observed in overall survival, progression free survival, and disease free survival between osteosarcoma patients with pathological fractures and without fracture. The association between potential prognostic factors and survival for these patients were analyzed and compared. All patients were treated with approaches that integrated chemotherapy and surgical resections to maximal extent of all sites whenever feasible. Between March 1992 and June 2014, a total of 268 patients with osteosarcoma were included in this analysis, of whom 34 (12.7%) with fractures at diagnosis or sustained after chemotherapy and 234 (87.3%) without fracture. Methodsĭata of patients with osteosarcoma were retrospectively reviewed. The aim of this study is to report the outcomes for a cohort of patients with osteosarcoma who presented with and without pathological fractures and to identify the prognostic importance of pathological fracture in predicting outcomes and influences on survival. Fractures caused by malignant neoplasms require comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.Studies reported contradictory results for the prognostic significance of a pathological fracture in osteosarcoma patients. If the fracture occurred because of a benign bone lesion, it is necessary to perform surgical treatment, and to correct the bone defect. These include: the degree of severity of the disease, the age of the patient, the patient’s general condition, secondary diseases and the localization of the pathological fracture. TreatmentĪll features of the development of pathological fractures should be considered, in order to choose conservative or surgical treatment tactics. It is imperative to identify the primary focus of the lesion. To identify the etiologic cause, a CT, MRI, blood test and biopsy should be performed. In most cases, the diagnosis can be made with an X-ray examination. The main symptoms are pain, swelling, deformity, and moving difficulty at the fracture area. If the disease progresses, the infection can penetrate the cerebrospinal fluid and further lead to infectious lesions of the brain and spinal cord, which ends in death in 60-80% of cases. If not diagnosed in time, it can lead to the development of paralysis of the upper and lower limbs. An abscess can form around the vertebrae. If the disease is not treated in time, it can lead to fractures. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, brucella, and other microorganisms can lead to infectious damage to the spine.
![pathological fracture pathological fracture](https://radsource.us/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/18a.jpg)
It is also among the diseases that most often lead to pathological fractures. Incomplete osteogenesis (osteogenezis imperfectis) is a disease that is characterized by a tendency for bones to fracture due to collagen deficiency. Paget’s disease – in this disease, the bones are more brittle than usual. Hyperparathyroidism – it is decreased bone density, due to increased function of the parathyroid glands, which contribute to the leaching of calcium from the bones.ģ. Malignant tumors lead to fractured vertebrae Metabolic lesionsġ.Osteoporosis – it is a decrease in bone density and an increase in fragility due to age.Ģ.